Applied Sports Coaching Science and Performance Essay

Applied Sports Coaching Science and Performance - Essay Example Sensor (2012) states research has shown that the expert coach performed well. One book, We Have Met the Enemy, And It Is Us, states that the coach plays an important role in training the table tennis learners. Research shows that there is a strong relationship between the coaching performance and the related academic references. Research states that the expert coach correctly meets the learners’ halfway to enhance cooperation, separating the training of the beginner learners from experts, and offering sport scholarship incentives to hasten learner’s mastery of the lessons. The Research shows that the novice coach never implemented the learning theories. The expert coach educator can be described as â€Å"a physical educator who is a highly trained, broad-based, experienced professional practitioner who can bring anatomical, physiological, mechanical, psychological, and maturational aspects of human movement together, and combine an extensive activity base with sound ph ilosophical and pedagogical principles†. Summarizing the above discussion, I saw the expert coach implement the three relevant learning theories to sports training, unlike the novice coach. I observed the expert coach built cooperation between the learners and the coach in the sports training, unlike the novice coach who just let the players play for two hours. Evidently, I observed the expert table tennis coach successfully implemented the relevant learning theories to win more sports tournaments. However, the novice coach unfavorably refused to implement the three learning theories.

The politics of globalization of Brazil Essay Example for Free

The politics of globalization of Brazil Essay The world, which started in the form of tribes exchanging barters as trade, entered a modern scenario, and barter soon turned into exchange of gold and then eventually currency. With the period of time, the humble trade transformed into international deals, and which eventually started the age of globalization. The era of globalization brought the world very close, and the trade that seemed much distanced because of the detachment of continents, started commencing on daily basis, and every place in the world has now become reachable in hours. â€Å"Brazil†, one of the highlight of Latin America, has it share of chaos and confusion, but eventually with the course of time, it has dwindled itself in the colors of globalization. Brazil has had a very troublesome past, and after the colonial monarchy, the army crept in leading to numerous coups, which resulted in mass destructions and stumping of the economy. It has been only three decades since there has been proper regime that has been ruling the country, and has been providing a platform for business and trade to prosper in the nation. Brazil with due course of time has joined the trillion dollar economy, and is shaping up to become of the leading economies of the world. With its due course of time, Brazil silently has crept in the list of large economies, and currently it stands as the eight largest economy of the world. Brazil since the early 90’s started accelerating its prospects by splurging into the world economy and opening its huge market to the world. Brazil’s sudden significance to the world market made it entry into the G-20 and also into organizations like ‘Mercosur’ Globalization is just not one huge international trade fair anymore, and it has a lot of politics involved. The level of politics in globalization has different facets and different indicators, and each country with the amount of its strengths and weakness are weighed into the politics of globalization. The facets of politics of globalizations is best explained, when it is revealed that it is nothing much than anger of people in the underdeveloped countries of the world, of what they are seeing as the unfair distribution of wealth, education and resources and the increase in the gaps of the people falling into categories of haves and have-nots (Gail S. Schoettler, P. 1). The politics of globalization of any nation can be best understood on the basis of import prohibitions imposed by that particular nation. In the case of Brazil, it has a serious issue with automobile being imported, as it wants to protect its huge automobile market, which is very evident from the fact that in the year 2005 Brazil manufactured more than 1. 65 million cars only for its domestic consumption (Elisangela Cordeiro). Brazil doesn’t want cars to be imported in the country as it can seriously damage its very own market, posing a threat to its own economy, as automobile is one of the biggest manufacturing sectors in the country of Brazil, and if the ban is lifted for importing automobiles from other nations, then it can have several negative impacts on the Brazilian economy as well as Brazilian labor force. On the other hand Brazil maintains kind of a monopoly, when it comes to its exports, as Brazil is supposed to be the leading exporter of coffee, sugar, beef and orange juice. Brazil’s best example of playing the politics of globalization game, is by understanding the fact, that when the whole world, is trying to impose bans on the production giant China over the unsafe toys filled with lead content, which even includes the World Trade Organization, Brazil has no issue with the unsafe toy and Brazil’s ambassador to China has even made comments openly like â€Å" It’s necessary to avoid simplistic solutions, like championing protectionism, which is an ineffective tool in a globalize world† (Luis Augusto de Castro Neves, Reuters). The reason for this kind of attitude towards China is because Brazil has a huge market in the form of China for its iron ore and its soybeans production. This double standard of not only Brazil but almost all nations in the world of imposing prohibitions for imports, but want free trade scenarios for exports, show the depth of politics of globalization. Brazil on a global scene is moving towards huge figures in terms of trade, and it was estimated in the year 2005 that within a span of four years, Brazil had managed to double its exports from US$58 billion in 2001 to a whopping US$118 billion and within the same estimated period, Brazil has managed to curb its import levies and has managed to control imports from the rest of the world, in their booming economy, and have been able to manage import increase by only 30%, from US$56 billion to US$74 billion. Brazil has been taking the wrath of the United States of America in terms of its trade policies and import prohibitions, but again the politics of globalization can be seen from the fact that how much ever the tiff between these two countries over free trade, America tops the list in both segments of trade, i. e. import as well as export from Brazil. The country supposedly is very actively involved in its productions and manufacturing strengths, especially of automobiles, aircrafts, textiles and footwear. Basically the level of globalization is very different of that of an idealist, and now each country is only trying to protect its interests and actually has no regards for the impact of it callous attitude towards other countries. Brazil fundamentally thriving on its agricultural economy has to suffer because of the conflicts over farm subsidies and agricultural tariffs from the United States of America and other European countries. Brazil considers itself to be one of the developing countries and tries to connect to other developing nations on the basis of monopoly of the developed nations, be it on the basis of agricultural tariffs or import prohibitions. Brazil how much ever shows its dissent for the policies of the west, it tries to rally itself for trade to all the developed nation, and there is a huge hypocrisy, when it comes to trade, as both Brazil and the developed countries, how much ever disagree with each other’s policies, but both will be on one list of top imports and exports. Brazil though being part of the G-20 and Mercosur, was never actively involved, but with periodic trading coordination, Brazil has started taking active part in these institutions as of now, and it was seen that brazil has been participating in injecting a fresh lease and leading the confront from Mercosur on the lines of boosting trade, creating jobs and reducing poverty in Latin America. Brazil with all its highs and lows, is making a special place in this globalize world, though how much ever unpredictable is the entire trading scenario, Brazil is set to carve a niche in midst of all the politics, that the world has to offer in international trade. Work Cited: 1) Gail S. Schoettler, â€Å"Politics of Globalization†, November 2002, University of Colorado at Institute for International Business and Global Executive Forum Center for International Business Education Research, cudenver. edu/International/ /Documents/Politics_of_globalization. pdf 2) Elisangela Cordeiro, â€Å"Despite Crisis, Brazils Auto Industry Should Grow 5% This Year†, Thursday, 30 June 2005, http://www. brazzilmag. com/content/view/3004/54/ 3) â€Å"Brazil ambassador opposes quotas on China imports†, April 19th 2005, Reuters, http://asia. news. yahoo. com/070418/3/30itr. html 4) â€Å"Trade Policies†, U. S library of congress, http://countrystudies. us/brazil/80. htm

Its the Cake Essay -- Creative Creativity Essays

It's the Cake The title above comes from a comment made by author Jerry Hirschberg. "Creative activity [isn't] the icing on the cake. Human creativity is the cake." Getting a bite of this cake is what proves to be frustrating for some people. Simply put, there isn't one sure-fire method to achieve creative success. However, there are certainly underlying attitudes and patterns that one can perceive in creative people, (and in this most humble of papers), I will attempt to show to you through texts such as Hirschberg's The Creative Priority and my own forays with Madame Creatividad that experiencing creativity is simply a matter of opening yourself up to the world around you. It always seems to me that any measure of creativity starts through something that I have opted to call creative flux, both because I am nerdy and that it happens to fit the concept extremely well. In a nutshell, all creative flux means is that you has to be willing to be open to the surrounding environment, allowing ideas from all possible angles and points to flow into you. Hirschberg illustrates this rather well. A car designer by trade, he started his career at GM, "the supreme icon of power and success for America." He tells us that GM eventually reached a point of stagnation, from lack of competition and from shutting the doors tight on ideas coming from the outside world. GM car design reached a monotone complacency, and it is at this point, Hirschberg says, he began feeling a little bit useless, as his work environment had turned into, "a blinding illusion of security and imperviousness to failure." Hirschberg then makes a transition: he switches jobs to a place of unregulated creative flux. He attributes his later success t... ...hberg calls this process `stepping back from the canvas.' And a gloriously effective technique it turns out to be, "...ideas again started flowing, knotty problem areas unraveled, and the design began to lead the designers, a sure sign that a strong concept was emerging." Something similar to this happened to me in the process of writing this essay, as I acquired a major case of writer's block. Thankfully, I took Hirschberg's advice to heart: I `stood back from the canvas' and succeeded in opening the floodgates of creative flux anew. So is creative flux the path to taking a bite out of the all elusive cake of creativity? Although it is not the only way to approach creative problems, it is the phenomenal openness that creative flux provides that makes for such an exciting tool in one's quest for achieving creative goals. So go ahead, open up and take a bite.

The World Within :: essays research papers fc

The World Within   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What can be done with medicine today is truly astounding. In just a little over a century, we have gone from crude, anaesthetized surgery with non-sterilized instruments to the ability to delicately rebuild a hand or bypass a major artery with little risk to the patient and without even leaving a large scar. These great heights to which we have ascended are based upon a number of breakthroughs in sanitation and sterilization, antibiotics, and any number of other small discoveries that make possible today’s operating room – but by far the most powerful and groundbreaking advances have been made in the field of human imaging.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For over sixteen hundred years, the edicts and guidelines of the Catholic Church forbade the exploration of the human body. This sad state of affairs effectively limited our knowledge of the body to studies performed upon stolen cadavers and the rather inaccurate classical-era studies of Galen. Even when the ban upon anatomical study was lifted, by the end of the nineteenth century we had still progressed no further than an understanding of the basic anatomy as observed by dissection. Then, in the last five years of the nineteenth century, two important discoveries ushered in a new era in medicine: Roentgen’s discovery of x-rays in 1895 and Bequerel’s discovery of â€Å"Uranium rays† – nuclear radiation – in 1896. These forms of electromagnetic radiation, and their derivatives, form the basis of today’s most prevalent and important imaging technology – X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT), and nuclear medicine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At its most basic level, x-ray technology works by using a high-voltage current to generate a burst of x-rays (high-frequency electromagnetic radiation), which are then focused and directed through the human body. Certain materials, such as bone and cartilage, absorb more of the radiation than other tissues, which creates a â€Å"shadow† in the x-ray beam that is recorded on a special cassette containing photographic film, situated on the other side of the patient. Upon development of the film, the image of the bone structure (and some other tissue) can be studied to diagnose any apparent pathologies (Wolbarst 33). Today, this technology is wildly popular – almost everyone has had at least one x-ray during his life. However, the two-dimensional nature of an x-ray does create some limitations in its usefulness – but a further development of this technology has eliminated these.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computerized Tomography, invented in 1963, is essentially a development of x-ray technology that allows a physician to observe highly detailed â€Å"slices† of the human body, and today is â€Å"highly reliable, non-invasive, painless, quick, and available on an urgent, 24 hour-a-day basis at most hospitals (Kelly 50).

The Twilight Saga 4: Breaking Dawn 35. Deadline

â€Å"Headed out?† Edward asked, his tone nonchalant. There was a sort of forced composure about his expression. He hugged Renesmee just a little bit tighter to his chest. â€Å"Yes, a few last-minute things†¦,† I responded just as casually. He smiled my favorite smile. â€Å"Hurry back to me.† â€Å"Always.† I took his Volvo again, wondering if he'd read the odometer after my last errand. How much had he pieced together? That I had a secret, absolutely. Would he have deduced the reason why I didn't confide in him? Did he guess that Aro might soon know everything he knew? I thought Edward could have come to that conclusion, which explained why he had demanded no reasons from me. I guessed he was trying not to speculate too much, trying to keep my behavior off his mind. Had he put this together with my odd performance the morning after Alice left, burning my book in the fire? I didn't know if he could have made that leap. It was a dreary afternoon, already dark as dusk. I sped through the gloom, my eyes on the heavy clouds. Would it snow tonight? Enough to layer the ground and create the scene from Alice's vision? Edward estimated that we had about two more days. Then we would set ourselves in the clearing, drawing the Volturi to our chosen place. As I headed through the darkening forest, I considered my last trip to Seattle. I thought I knew Alice's purpose in sending me to the dilapidated drop point where J. Jenks referred his shadier clients. If I'd gone to one of his other, more legitimate offices, would I have ever known what to ask for? if I'd met him as Jason Jenks or Jason Scott, legitimate lawyer, would I ever have unearthed J. Jenks, purveyor of illegal documents? I'd had to go the route that made it clear I was up to no good. That was my clue. It was black when I pulled into the parking lot of the restaurant a few minutes early, ignoring the eager valets by the entrance. I popped in my contacts and then went to wait for J inside the restaurant. Though I was in a hurry to be done with this depressing necessity and back with my family, J seemed careful to keep himself untainted by his baser associations; i had a feeling a handoff in the dark parking lot would offend his sensibilities. I gave the name Jenks at the podium, and the obsequious maftre d' led me upstairs to a small private room with a fire crackling in a stone hearth. He took the calf-length ivory trench coat I'd worn to disguise the fact that I was wearing Alice's idea of appropriate attire, and gasped quietly at my oyster satin cocktail dress. I couldn't help being a little flattered; I still wasn't used to being beautiful to everyone rather than just Edward. The mattre d' stuttered half-formed compliments as he backed unsteadily from the room. I stood by the fire to wait, holding my fingers close to the flame to warm them a little before the inevitable handshake. Not that J wasn't obviously aware that there was something up with the Cullens, but it was still a good habit to practice. For one half second, I wondered what it would feel like to put my hand in the fire. What it would feel like when I burned___ J's entrance distracted my morbidity. The maftre d' took his coat, too, and it was evident that I was not the only one who had dressed up for this meeting. â€Å"I'm so sorry I'm late,† J said as soon as we were alone. â€Å"No, you're exactly on time.† He held out his hand, and as we shook I could feel that his fingers were still quite noticeably warmer than mine. It didn't seem to bother him. â€Å"You look stunning, if I may be so bold, Mrs. Cullen.† â€Å"Thank you, J. Please, call me Bella.† â€Å"I must say, it's a different experience working with you than it is with Mr. Jasper. Much less†¦ unsettling.† He smiled hesitantly. â€Å"Really? I've always found Jasper to have a very soothing presence.† His eyebrows pulled together. â€Å"Is that so?† he murmured politely while clearly still in disagreement. How odd. What had Jasper done to this man? â€Å"Have you known Jasper long?† He sighed, looking uncomfortable. â€Å"I've been working with Mr. Jasper for more than twenty years, and my old partner knew him for fifteen years before that†¦. He never changes.† J cringed delicately. â€Å"Yeah, Jasper's kind of funny that way.† J shook his head as if he could shake away the disturbing thoughts. â€Å"Won't you have a seat, Bella?† â€Å"Actually, I'm in a bit of a hurry. I've got a long drive home.† As I spoke, I took the thick white envelope with his bonus from my bag and handed it to him. â€Å"Oh,† he said, a little catch of disappointment in his voice. He tucked the envelope into an inside pocket of his jacket without bothering to check the amount. â€Å"I was hoping we could speak for just a moment.† â€Å"About?† I asked curiously. â€Å"Well, let me get you your items first. I want to make sure you're satisfied.† He turned, placed his briefcase on the table, and popped the latches. He took out a legal-sized manila envelope. Though I had no idea what I should be looking for, I opened the envelope and gave the contents a cursory glance. J had flipped Jacob's picture and changed the coloring so that it wasn't immediately evident that it was the same picture on both his passport and driver's license. Both looked perfectly sound to me, but that meant little. I glanced at the picture on Vanessa Wolfe's passport for a fraction of a second, and then looked away quickly, a lump rising in my throat. â€Å"Thank you,† I told him. His eyes narrowed slightly, and I felt he was disappointed that my examination was not more thorough. â€Å"I can assure you every piece is perfect. All will pass the most rigorous scrutiny by experts.† â€Å"I'm sure they are. I truly appreciate what you've done for me, J.† â€Å"It's been my pleasure, Bella. In the future, feel free to come to me for anything the Cullen family needs.† He didn't even hint at it really, but this sounded like an invitation for me to take over Jasper's place as liaison. â€Å"There was something you wanted to discuss?† â€Å"Er, yes. It's a bit delicate.. ..† He gestured to the stone hearth with a questioning expression. I sat on the edge of the stone, and he sat beside me. Sweat was dewing up on his forehead again, and he pulled a blue silk handkerchief from his pocket and began mopping. â€Å"You are the sister of Mr. Jasper's wife? Or married to his brother?† he asked. â€Å"Married to his brother,† I clarified, wondering where this was leading. â€Å"You would be Mr. Edward's bride, then?† â€Å"Yes.† He smiled apologetically. â€Å"I've seen all the names many times, you see. My belated congratulations. It's nice that Mr. Edward has found such a lovely partner after all this time.† â€Å"Thank you very much.† He paused, dabbing at the sweat. â€Å"Over the years, you might imagine that I've developed a very healthy level of respect for Mr. Jasper and the entire family.† I nodded cautiously. He took a deep breath and then exhaled without speaking. â€Å"J, please just say whatever you need to.† He took another breath and then mumbled quickly, slurring the words together. â€Å"If you could just assure me that you are not planning to kidnap the little girl from her father, I would sleep better tonight.† â€Å"Oh,† I said, stunned. It took me a minute to understand the erroneous conclusion he'd drawn. â€Å"Oh no. It's nothing like that at all.† I smiled weakly, trying to reassure him. â€Å"I'm simply preparing a safe place for her in case something were to happen to my husband and me.† His eyes narrowed. â€Å"Are you expecting something to happen?† He blushed, then apologized. â€Å"Not that it's any of my business.† I watched the red flush spread behind the delicate membrane of his skin and was glad – as I often was – that I was not the average newborn. J seemed a nice enough man, criminal behavior aside, and it would have been a shame to kill him. â€Å"You never know.† I sighed. He frowned. â€Å"May I wish you the best of luck, then. And please don't be put out with me, my dear, but†¦ if Mr. Jasper should come to me and ask what names I put on these documents †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Of course you should tell him immediately. I'd like nothing better than to have Mr. Jasper fully aware of our entire transaction.† My transparent sincerity seemed to ease a bit of his tension. â€Å"Very good,† he said. â€Å"And I can't prevail upon you to stay for dinner?† â€Å"I'm sorry, J. I'm short on time at present.† â€Å"Then, again, my best wishes for your health and happiness. Anything at all the Cullen family needs, please don't hesitate to call on me, Bella.† â€Å"Thank you, J.† I left with my contraband, glancing back to see that J was staring after me, his expression a mixture of anxiety and regret. The return trip took me less time. The night was black, and so I turned off my headlights and floored it. When I got back to the house, most of the cars, including Alice's Porsche and my Ferrari, were missing. The traditional vampires were going as far away as possible to satiate their thirst. I tried not to think of their hunting in the night, cringing at the mental picture of their victims. Only Kate and Garrett were in the front room, arguing playfully about the nutritional value of animal blood. I inferred that Garrett had attempted a hunting trip vegetarian-style and found it difficult. Edward must have taken Renesmee home to sleep. Jacob, no doubt, was in the woods close by the cottage. The rest of my family must have been hunting as well. Perhaps they were out with the other Denalis. Which basically gave me the house to myself, and I was quick to take advantage. I could smell that I was the first one to enter Alice and Jasper's room in a long while, maybe the first since the night they'd left us. I rooted silently through their huge closet until I found the right sort of bag. It must have been Alice's; it was a small black leather backpack, the kind that was usually used as a purse, little enough that even Renesmee could carry it without looking out of place. Then I raided their petty cash, taking about twice the yearly income for the average American household. I guessed my theft would be less noticeable here than anywhere else in the house, since this room made everyone sad. The envelope with the fake passports and IDs went into the bag on top of the money. Then I sat on the edge of Alice and Jasper's bed and looked at the pitifully insignificant package that was all I could give my daughter and my best friend to help save their lives. I slumped against the bedpost, feeling helpless. But what else could I do? I sat there for several minutes with my head bowed before the inkling of a good idea came to me. If†¦ If I was to assume that Jacob and Renesmee were going to escape, then that included the assumption that Demetri would be dead. That gave any survivors a little breathing room, Alice and Jasper included. So why couldn't Alice and Jasper help Jacob and Renesmee? If they were reunited, Renesmee would have the best protection imaginable. There was no reason why this couldn't happen, except for the fact that Jake and Renesmee both were blind spots for Alice. How would she begin to look for them? I deliberated for a moment, then left the room, crossing the hall to Carlisle and Esme's suite. As usual, Esme's desk was stacked with plans and blueprints, everything neatly laid out in tall piles. The desk had a slew of pigeonholes above the work surface; in one was a box of stationery. I took a fresh sheet of paper and a pen. Then I stared at the blank ivory page for a full five minutes, concentrating on my decision. Alice might not be able to see Jacob or Renesmee, but she could see me. I visualized her seeing this moment, hoping desperately that she wasn't too busy to pay attention. Slowly, deliberately, I wrote the words RIO DE JANEIRO in all caps across the page. Rio seemed the best place to send them: It was far away from here, Alice and Jasper were already in South America at last report, and it wasn't like our old problems had ceased to exist just because we had worse problems now. There was still the mystery of Renesmee's future, the terror of her racing age. We'd been headed south anyway. Now it would be Jacob's, and hopefully Alice's, job to search for the legends. I bowed my head again against a sudden urge to sob, clenching my teeth together. It was better that Renesmee go on without me. But I already missed her so much I could barely stand it. I took a deep breath and put the note at the bottom of the duffel bag, where Jacob would find it soon enough. I crossed my fingers that – since it was unlikely that his high school offered Portuguese – Jake had at least taken Spanish as his language elective. There was nothing left now but waiting. For two days, Edward and Carlisle stayed in the clearing where Alice had seen the Volturi arrive. It was the same killing field where Victoria's newborns had attacked last summer. I wondered if it felt repetitive to Carlisle, like deja vu. For me, it would be all new. This time Edward and I would stand with our family. We could only imagine that the Volturi would be tracking either Edward or Carlisle. I wondered if it would surprise them that their prey didn't run. Would that make them wary? I couldn't imagine the Volturi ever feeling a need for caution. Though I was – hopefully – invisible to Demetri, I stayed with Edward. Of course. We only had a few hours left to be together. Edward and I had not had a last grand scene of farewell, nor did I plan one. To speak the word was to make it final. It would be the same as typing the words The End on the last page of a manuscript. So we did not say our goodbyes, and we stayed very close to each other, always touching. Whatever end found us, it would not find us separated. We set up a tent for Renesmee a few yards back into the protective forest, and then there was more deja vu as we found ourselves camping in the cold again with Jacob. It was almost impossible to believe how much things had changed since last June. Seven months ago, our triangular relationship seemed impossible, three different kinds of heartbreak that could not be avoided. Now everything was in perfect balance. It seemed hideously ironic that the puzzle pieces would fit together just in time for all of them to be destroyed. It started to snow again the night before New Year's Eve. This time, the tiny flakes did not dissolve into the stony ground of the clearing. While Renesmee and Jacob slept – Jacob snoring so loudly I wondered how Renesmee didn't wake – the snow made first a thin icing over the earth, then built into thicker drifts. By the time the sun rose, the scene from Alice's vision was complete. Edward and I held hands as we stared across the glittering white field, and neither of us spoke. Through the early morning, the others gathered, their eyes bearing mute evidence of their preparations – some light gold, some rich crimson. Soon after we all were together, we could hear the wolves moving in the woods. Jacob emerged from the tent, leaving Renesmee still sleeping, to join them. Edward and Carlisle were arraying the others into a loose formation, our witnesses to the sides like galleries. I watched from a distance, waiting by the tent for Renesmee to wake. When she did, I helped her dress in the clothes I'd carefully picked out two days before. Clothes that looked frilly and feminine but that were actually sturdy enough to not show any wear – even if a person wore them while riding a giant werewolf through a couple of states. Over her jacket I put on the black leather backpack with the documents, the money, the clue, and my love notes for her and Jacob, Charlie and Renee. She was strong enough that it was no burden to her. Her eyes were huge as she read the agony on my face. But she had guessed enough not to ask me what I was doing. â€Å"I love you,† I told her. â€Å"More than anything.† â€Å"I love you, too, Momma,† she answered. She touched the locket at her neck, which now held a tiny photo of her, Edward, and me. â€Å"We'll always be together.† â€Å"In our hearts we'll always be together,† I corrected in a whisper as quiet as a breath. â€Å"But when the time comes today, you have to leave me.† Her eyes widened, and she touched her hand to my cheek. The silent no was louder than if she'd shouted it. I fought to swallow; my throat felt swollen. â€Å"Will you do it for me? Please?† She pressed her fingers harder to my face. Why? â€Å"I can't tell you,† I whispered. â€Å"But you'll understand soon. I promise.'7 In my head, I saw Jacob's face. I nodded, then pulled her fingers away. â€Å"Don't think of it,† I breathed into her ear. â€Å"Don't tell Jacob until I tell you to run, okay?† This she understood. She nodded, too. I took from my pocket one last detail. While packing Renesmee's things, an unexpected sparkle of color had caught my eye. A chance ray of sun through the skylight had hit the jewels on the ancient precious box stuffed high overhead on a shelf in an untouched corner. I considered it for a moment and then shrugged. After putting together Alice's clues, I couldn't hope that the coming confrontation would be resolved peacefully. But why not try to start things out as friendly as possible? I asked myself. What could it hurt? So I guess I must have had some hope left after all – blind, senseless hope – because I'd scaled the shelves and retrieved Aro's wedding present to me. Now I fastened the thick gold rope around my neck and felt the weight of the enormous diamond nestle into the hollow of my throat. â€Å"Pretty,† Renesmee whispered. Then she wrapped her arms like a vise around my neck. I squeezed her against my chest. Interlocked this way, I carried her out of the tent and to the clearing. Edward cocked one eyebrow as I approached, but otherwise did not remark on my accessory or Renesmee's. He just put his arms tight around us both for one long moment and then, with a deep sigh, let us go. I couldn't see a goodbye anywhere in his eyes. Maybe he had more hope for something after this life than he'd let on. We took our place, Renesmee climbing agilely onto my back to leave my hands free. I stood a few feet behind the front line made up by Carlisle, Edward, Emmett, Rosalie, Tanya, Kate, and Eleazar. Close beside me were Benjamin and Zafrina; it was my job to protect them as long as I was able. They were our best offensive weapons. If the Volturi were the ones who could not see, even for a few moments, that would change everything. Zafrina was rigid and fierce, with Senna almost a mirror image at her side. Benjamin sat on the ground, his palms pressed to the dirt, and muttered quietly about fault lines. Last night, he'd strewn piles of boulders in natural-looking, now snow-covered heaps all along the back of the meadow. They weren't enough to injure a vampire, but hopefully enough to distract one. The witnesses clustered to our left and right, some nearer than others – those who had declared themselves were the closest. I noticed Siobhan rubbing her temples, her eyes closed in concentration; was she humoring Carlisle? Trying to visualize a diplomatic resolution? In the woods behind us, the invisible wolves were still and ready; we could only hear their heavy panting, their beating hearts. The clouds rolled in, diffusing the light so that it could have been morning or afternoon. Edward's eyes tightened as he scrutinized the view, and I was sure he was seeing this exact scene for the second time – the first time being Alice's vision. It would look just the same when the Volturi arrived. We only had minutes or seconds left now. All our family and allies braced themselves. From the forest, the huge russet Alpha wolf came forward to stand at my side; it must have been too hard for him to keep his distance from Renesmee when she was in such immediate danger. Renesmee reached out to twine her fingers in thefur over his massive shoulder, and her body relaxed a little bit. She was calmer with Jacob close.I felt a tiny bit better, too. As long Jacob was with Renesmee, she would be all right. Without risking a glance behind, Edward reached back to me. I stretched my arm forward so that I could grip his hand. He squeezed my fingers. Another minute ticked by, and I found myself straining to hear some sound of approach. And then Edward stiffened and hissed low between his clenched teeth. His eyes focused on the forest due north of where we stood. We stared where he did, and waited as the last seconds passed.

The Wild Bunch Movie

The Wild Bunch Movie Introduction The movie ‘’The Wild Bunch’’ is a movie directed by Sam Peckinpah. A 1969 movie. The movie is centered around a group that has become of age and is considered an outlaw in society who have one last desire to have what would be their last adventure (Canby 3). This is out of a background of a society that is laid back and one that is changing towards realization to a modern world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Wild Bunch Movie specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The movie centered around this group of outlaws, the basis being the decline and fall of the said group. The movie is a 1969 movie directed by director Sam Peckinapah centered around a group of outlaws, an outlaw gang, on the border of two states that of Texas and the state of Mexico. The group is trying to exist in an ever-changing modern world that threatens the existence of their being. Themes The film has a number of themes well intricate and complemented the other. Two themes stand out and are evidently portrayed by the cast as well by the movies directors efforts. Critics of the movie agree that the movie’s theme of a gang of outlaws that is increasingly threatened with extinction. The film seeks to take the theme of violence and has attracted supports and critics alike (‘’The Wild Bunch’). Another theme that is clearly portrayed by the movie’s plot is the theme of betrayal. The culture of propagating violence in films has been practised for ages. This has generated  the notion that a film would only sell and make it to the box office best films of the year if a sexual or violent theme is showcased in the movie.  The characters in the film are seen to suffer from the realization of betrayal. Betrayal in many forms and present in a very intriguing manner. This is seen in the betrayal of a friend and as well as leaving the said friend to the fate, that be falls him. The screenplay is set to follow the intrigues of the Wild Bunch group members. The members of this group are followed right from the members disastrous lives coupled with the members’ experiences that has over time brought the group members no gain. The members end up in a very sadistic state. Although the film is set on a great background and the movie sequence is exceptional including the beautiful well thought of landscapes. Although the movie is set many years ago, four decades ago, the same kind of themes are still propagated in films to date. The personal relationships of the characters in the film are played out as very perverted relationships with an extraordinary twist of never ending greed as well as lust (Canby 5). Today’s modern movie culture is not any different from the 1969 movie culture as movies of today still bear the same themes. The themes of love, betrayal, lust, violence are still evident in today’s movie culture. Critic The movi e, The Wild Bunch, is noted for its intricate, multiple angle editing while at the same time using normal and slow motion images. The utilisation of revolutionary cinema technique in 1969.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The critics of this film note that the films theme of coming to an end of an outlaw gunfighter gang regime. The violence in the film stirred a lot of public outrage then just as it is to date. The film’s director Sam Pekinpah once sought to compare the films violence to the then American war in Vietnam. The director further notes that the said war was televised all over America during families meal times (Spiegal 6). The film was on the public lips for long because of the film’s graphic and bloody violence. The film gave a picture of men who would use and crude weapon as long as it sustained their survival. The movie has also been criticiz ed by feminists alike in the films depiction of women in a degrading manner. The idea of using women as shields in the film has been severely criticized. This in a film that is dominantly male has been criticized. In the modern culture, films that stir up a lot of public outrage are still released year in year out. Today’s culture has seen an upsurge in the production and release of what can be said to be controversial films in an effort  generate publicity for the films. This kind of publicity works to create interest in the movies which in turn pushes the number of movie sales tickets and so on that in turn boosts revenues for film industry players. Awards Directors of the film were nominated for best Screenplay Academy Award, the music director was a nominee for best original score. The film’s director earned a nomination for the Outstanding Director Achievement Award by the Guild of America and the cinematographer won the Natural Society of Film critics award (Sp iegal 5). Conclusion The film is unrelenting in its quest to tell the tales of the the group members comradeship on one hand as well as the tales of friendship (Spiegal 2). The film tells a story of gang members who are bound together by a well-guided code of honour amongst the gang members and their stories of being outlaws hence the film’s title ‘’ The Wild Bunch ‘’ The film as contrasted to other films of its times and those set in the same background such as the movie, The Proposition. The film is set on the background against the difficult and tasking terrain of the   olden days. Both movies in their own way tell of a tale of visually stimulating as well as stunning tale of loyalty of a group of members. Both plots of the films are about revenge, conquest as well as pursue justice in what is largely seen as a lawless state. The film is brutal just as it is unflinching even though with very violent scenes it stirs a thought provoking process ac companied by brilliant performances. This kind of movie story lines are still clearly evident in today’s movie industry.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Wild Bunch Movie specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Wild Bunch is a movie that still continues to influence today’s movie culture in terms of content as well as themes and character roles in the film industry. Today’s modern culture has embraced technology in the production process to enhance the quality of the films produced. The technology embraced ensures that the sound as well as picture effects are clearly and precisely made to perfection while still trying to retain aspects seen in olden days films and still retaining the same effect on the audience of both cultures. Canby, Vincent. The Wild Bunch. [1969]. New York Times. Retrieved from  http.||www.movie.nytimes.com|movies|review|res  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Spiegal, Josh.à ‚  The Wild Bunch. [1969].Retrieved from  http.||www.imdb.com|title|tt0065214|

Essay on Honor

Essay on Honor Honor is defined as esteem paid to worth and is associated with reverence, dignity, distinction, reputation, good name and a good sense of what is right, just, and true. The key part to honor is having respect for others and for yourself, the two must act together because with out both you have nothing. I strongly believe that reputation is hard to gain and easily lost. A speaker once said, â€Å"Every day thousands of planes fly somewhere and there is never any news or headlines about a successful landing, however when one crashes it is all over the news.† This fact reminds me of honor in that you must maintain honor because one infraction will result in the forfeiture of ones honor and in a sense will be headlines, and if not to others definitely oneself. â€Å"Honor is like a rugged island without a shore, once you have left it, you cannot return.† Honor is something in which is not obtained and sustained easily. One must have patience and study to become a person of integrity and goodwill. Honor is an everyday thing; obstacles trying to deter one from being honorable lay in life’s everyday path. Perseverance is a key to honor; one must fight the constant impeding objects in order to maintain the highest level of honor. An island is often looked at as something isolated and secluded yet has a certain mystique about it. Honor is much like an island in this sense. A test of all will power living with honor will not always be the most popular route and possibly could cause short- term alienation. Honor must come from inside and be unable to be swayed by minor factors. The shore is a place, which represents compromise. Honor has no room for compromising in no way is it a partial way of life, it cannot be turned off and on when desired. People often see honor as something malleable yet it is not one cannot pretend to be honorable in certain environments and not in others. An absolute way of life, honor is like a pass or fail course, there is no in between. The shore is a place of change, for instance if one stays on the shore he/she will drown at high tide, the shore is not an option. The last part of the quote from Satires is the most important of all the aspects. Honor does not have three strikes and you’re out or nine lives policy, everybody is given one chance and if that person chooses to invalidate their honor it is lost. Honor does not have a series of choices. I see honor much in the way of a quote by well known American author Gore Vidal, â€Å"One is sorry one could not have taken both branches of the road. But we were not allotted multiple selves.† I firmly believe in living with the highest level of honor, which in a way is the only degree of honor. In the present day many people have relaxed their standards thinking that lying once or twice will not matter because no one will find out. This common mentality is what is hurting society; people have lost the strong belief of self-respect, which is a major part in honor. Honor should always be in one’s conscience and should be reflected through their actions. It is a distinct characteristic in a person that separates that person from a group. Honor must be the center of what one’s moral revolves around and is the capstone of a person.

Eugenics essays

Eugenics essays The eugenics movement first became known in the late twentieth century. Francis Galton, a distant relative of Charles Darwin, was the first man to define eugenics as a way to improve the human race by allowing the fit, healthy humans to reproduce more often and the humans with less desired traits were discouraged from reproducing. People possessing the desired traits were wealthy white males with no trace of mental illness in past generations; white women were second after that. Minority groups were considered inferior and found to have undesired traits. Undesirable traits were found in people who have had a history of mental illness in the family, lived in poverty, and had something called feeblemindedness (Carlson 1). Feeblemindedness was defined as an individual that has no sign of intelligence and they cannot think for themselves. According to Gould, scientists before the eugenics movement thought that that a persons intelligence depended on the size of their brain (1980) . This began the idea that bigger is better and more advantageous to an individual; in other words, the fittest will survive. Charles Darwin and his theory of Natural Selection became the basis of the eugenics movement. The development of this new science helped to explain differences among races and species coexisting with each other. Why do some organisms of the same species survive longer than others? According to Carlson, it was found that the wealthiest male humans in a competent mental state are the most fit to live. The purpose of the newly developed science of eugenics was to have only the fit reproduce and pass on their genes to future generations in the hope that the purest of the species will successfully continue the human race. Until the twentieth century, eugenics was not known or understood by the general public. Charles Darwins discoveries on the Galapagos Islands that helped bring about the t...

An analysis of how photography addresses ideas about still life, with Essay - 1

An analysis of how photography addresses ideas about still life, with particular reference to the works of Irving Penn Still Life - Essay Example rtant element complementing composition and the message conveyed by the artwork or â€Å"communicating allegorical or latent meanings† (Martineau, p.6); it later developed as an independent art form, acquiring its own definition, canons and traditions. Most dictionaries give the following definition to still life: it is a picture that consists of inanimate objects like flowers, fruit, vessels or dead game. But on the other hand, still life as a genre has always been a subject to cultural influences that formed differences in defining and thinking of this genre. The first photographic still life picture emerged about a decade before the official announcement of photography invention in 1839 (Martineau, p.6). Nicephore Niepce, the inventor, was an author of the picture named Set Table depicting a laid table offering a meal for one person. The objects on the picture are rounded by deep shadows (the evidence of lengthy exposure), and the austerity of the photographed meal conveys allusions to Da Vinci’s Last Supper (Martineau, p.6). As photography emerged as a revolutionary art enabling â€Å"painting† not with brushes, but with light, the golden age of painting was gradually replaced by the age of digital fine art. Photography virtually borrowed almost all genres from painting, vesting them in the form of new technologies and using new means to create a desirable effect. In this way, still life migrated to photography, carrying all the key traditions of conventional still life painting to the newly invented art. Particularly, the photographers working at the dawn of photography practiced nature morte as one of the principal genres, using the same objects of depiction their predecessors used to paint with oil or watercolor. Thus, first attempts in photography mirrored compositions used previously in pictorial art (Ingledew, p. 57). The reason pioneers of photography such as Roger Fenton chose still life as the most favorable genre and inanimate objects as their

FDI Mode of Internationalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

FDI Mode of Internationalization - Essay Example Tutor Signature: Date: Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Foreign market entry modes 4 FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) 4 Exporting 4 Licensing or Franchising 5 Circumstances under which FDI is beneficial over exporting 5 Circumstances under which FDI is beneficial over licensing or franchising 6 Conclusion 7 Introduction Organizations or firms that operate in the international market place are required to make decisions that are related to the mode of entry in the international market place or foreign market. The following paper includes the discussion about the factors and issues that are faced for making the choice of the mode of international market entry. The organizations needs to analyze the potential factors and issues that impact the organization by selecting a particular mode of going international. Mainly the mode of going international includes the FDI (Foreign Direct Investments), franchising or licensing and exporting. The paper includes the factors or circumstances under which the organizations must prefer to internationalize via foreign direct investment rather than the other modes of internationalizations. Foreign market entry modes The modes to enter the foreign market differs with the degree of risk they present, the level of control and the commitment of resources the mode of internationalization require and also the return on investment they provide. There are different modes through which organizations can internationalize their business this mainly includes FDI, franchising or licensing and exporting (Stiglitz 2006). Each mode has certain advantages and disadvantages, which needs to be evaluated before selecting a mode of internationalization for business. The whole entry mode is divided into equity modes and non equity modes. The equity modes include FDI’S, joint ventures etc, while the non equity modes include exporting, franchising, or licensing etc (Bakan 2007). FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) In simple terms F DI can be defined as the investment process where residents of one nation or country acquire ownership of assets of the firm in some other country or nation for the purpose of controlling interest in the production, distribution and other activities. It can also be said to be as the acquisition of lasting interest in a firm operating in an economy other than the home economy or of the investor in order to have a hold in the management of the enterprise (Ravenhill 2008). The major factors explained in the definitions above include controlling interest. So the main factor that is included for the use of the FDI as a source of international investment over other modes of internationalization is the element of control on the policies and decisions of management (Zekiri and Angelova 2011). Exporting Exporting in simple terms can be said to be as the process of selling of goods and products or services produced in domestic country to other country. Exporting is done in the form of direct and indirect exporting. In indirect exporting the products are sold in the original or modified form from one nation to another, while in direct exporting includes selling of products and services directly through the use of direct distribution channels (Mosa 2012). Licensing or Franchising Under the franchising internationalization mode the organizations sells limited rights to the franchisees to utilize the brand name of the organization in return for a lump sum amount of payment and also with the

Accommodating Differences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Accommodating Differences - Essay Example Thompson in her â€Å"Summary of research† suggests that â€Å"there are different classes or different groups within classes for students of high, average, and low ability† (Para 2). Thus, some individuals within a class may be slow learners, some may be of average ability and some may be high-performers or gifted individuals. In particular, the paper focuses on the characteristics, challenges, opportunities and pedagogical approaches which may be experienced by students with varying abilities within a classroom. In a class with these different groups the slow learners may not have the required cognitive skills that are needed to perform simple task. In fact their cognitive level may be below the chronological grade for the specific learning behavior. In addition, such learners may take a longer time to grasp the basic skills that are needed to perform at an acceptable level. Whilst these elements may be true of the slow learner, this in no way defines who they are and their capacity to learn and achieve acceptable goals. The second ability level, the average learners are those who are normal in the sense that they are able to learn within their chronological grade level. Given a classroom of students, average learners are those who are able to grasp the concepts through the general methods adapted by the general educator. On the other end of the extreme are the high achievers who are able to cognitively grasp concepts at a rate that is exceptionally faster than the normal child’s ability to understand. Some special challenges that an educator may have to overcome to accommodate a group of students with mixed ability include the challenge of delivering one’s lesson to allow each individual to understand the intended objective. Because some students are slow to grasp they may be unable to grasp abstract concepts that the teacher is required to deliver. The teacher then is challenged to bring these abstract concepts to the level of all the students. At the same time that the teacher is trying to convey the lesson to the slow learners the teacher has to present some challenge to all the learners, thus simplifying an abstract concept for the benefit of the slow learner may cause challenges for the high performer. For example, lack of challenging activities may result in boredom and subsequent ly inappropriate behaviors by the high achievers if they are constantly kept back due to the teacher’s inability to communicate the lesson to them whilst simultaneously catering to the needs of the slow learner or the average learner. Special learning opportunities which may be offered by the presence of mixed abilities within a class include for the slow learner the opportunity to be motivated by the presence and the assistance of the high performers. Likewise, it is claimed that the more you teach the more you are able to understand the concepts (Thompson, n.d.). Thus, the high achiever is able to concretize what is taught by assisting the slow learner to grasp concepts that may be difficult for the slow learner or the average learner. One way in which an educator can accommodate each difference in a mixed ability group would be to incorporate the use of different resources within a lesson. For example, in a Mathematics lesson which involves the teaching of how to solve wor d problems. A teacher may begin such a lesson by utilizing dramatization to allow pupils to actually see the problems unfold before their eyes. The use of manipulatives in the drama is particularly instrumental in bringing understanding to the slow learners. Although this dramatization is to meet the needs of the slow learners, the average as well as the high achiever

Illustrations for Children-The Visual Perceptual development at an Research Paper

Illustrations for Children-The Visual Perceptual development at an early age - Research Paper Example The objectives of teaching in the visual literacy field include enhancing the visual perception development of children. Basically, identification of differences in visual aspects would be carried out. These aspects consist of color, shape, lime, movement, texture, and other characteristics. The field of visual literacy particularly concerns a child’s worldview; how s/he responds to the things s/he sees; how s/he views, senses, and understands feelings induced; and how s/he makes opinions about visual media. This essay discusses the impact of illustrations and pictures on children’s visual perceptual development, as well as on the reading and comprehension learning processes of emergent readers. Development of visual perception is thought to be helpful in enhancing children’s creative, writing, reading, and cognitive abilities. Stieglitz (2008) emphasizes that seeing is the most essential and fundamental source of information about the world (as cited in Machado, 2012, 154). Seeing does not only include the eyes, but the brain as well. Components of the process of visual perception are eye receptors, the visual stimulus, light, the person’s previous experiences, past belief and knowledge, and the person’s emotions and motives at a given time. Some experts propose that the visual literacy domain must be incorporated with speaking, listening, reading, and writing. They also propose teaching that is genuine, is natural, and engages children in brainstorming or problem-solving activities. Teaching, they argue, should be orderly, clear, and direct. Storytelling activities using illustrations or photos, stimulating the children’s interpretation of what the story is all about after seeing a cover of a children’s book, and talking about children’s creative work and the specifics within or their feelings provide teachers ideas into the children’s thoughts. Such exercises also expose children’s capacity to read and interpret visual

CONSTRUCTION OF CULTURE AND IDENTITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

CONSTRUCTION OF CULTURE AND IDENTITY - Essay Example We can say that a contemporary society is based on these characteristics of people. A contemporary society is the place where people having similar interests interact with each other and thus mutually shares their thinking and ideas (Hobson 2012). In this research essay, we will discuss all the factors, which actually construct a contemporary society, in brief. The main focus of consideration will be social classes and the Race, as the main constituents of construction of a society. Gender is very important factor for making the identity of any person. There are huge differences in the behavior of a man and a woman. Many philosophers are of opinion that gender identity has great impact on the society. The association between society and the gender identity is can be negative or positive depending on the situation. Gender roles are the responsibilities and the tasks which a male or female is assigned to do, while living in a society. 21st century is focusing on gender equality very much. The concept of gender equality arises because of certain differences and discriminations, which society keep between males and females. In short words, we should focus on maintenance of gender balance in the society so that no one feels inferior between other just because of his or her gender identity (Why Gender 2012; Kristina et al. 2009). Sexual orientation is another important factor for making a society identifiable form many other people. The basic difference between gende r identity and sexual orientation is very slight in nature. Gender identity refers to the natural characteristics of any human being whereas sexual orientation refers to the inclination of human beings towards other people (Tando 2011: Litvine 2003). Religion is another important factor or the characteristic, which constitute the base for making the identity of any human being in a contemporary

Illustrations for Children-The Visual Perceptual development at an Research Paper

Illustrations for Children-The Visual Perceptual development at an early age - Research Paper Example The objectives of teaching in the visual literacy field include enhancing the visual perception development of children. Basically, identification of differences in visual aspects would be carried out. These aspects consist of color, shape, lime, movement, texture, and other characteristics. The field of visual literacy particularly concerns a child’s worldview; how s/he responds to the things s/he sees; how s/he views, senses, and understands feelings induced; and how s/he makes opinions about visual media. This essay discusses the impact of illustrations and pictures on children’s visual perceptual development, as well as on the reading and comprehension learning processes of emergent readers. Development of visual perception is thought to be helpful in enhancing children’s creative, writing, reading, and cognitive abilities. Stieglitz (2008) emphasizes that seeing is the most essential and fundamental source of information about the world (as cited in Machado, 2012, 154). Seeing does not only include the eyes, but the brain as well. Components of the process of visual perception are eye receptors, the visual stimulus, light, the person’s previous experiences, past belief and knowledge, and the person’s emotions and motives at a given time. Some experts propose that the visual literacy domain must be incorporated with speaking, listening, reading, and writing. They also propose teaching that is genuine, is natural, and engages children in brainstorming or problem-solving activities. Teaching, they argue, should be orderly, clear, and direct. Storytelling activities using illustrations or photos, stimulating the children’s interpretation of what the story is all about after seeing a cover of a children’s book, and talking about children’s creative work and the specifics within or their feelings provide teachers ideas into the children’s thoughts. Such exercises also expose children’s capacity to read and interpret visual

A Stakeholder Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Stakeholder Perspective - Essay Example Since the technology was invented it has been faced with numerous debates some challenging its legitimacy while other proposing for its implementation due to the benefits that come along it (Young). Statistics from WTP indicate t there are close to one hundred strains of genetically modified organism that have be developed so far with approximately forty of them being implemented in the farms for large scale production purposes (Weirich). Despite the strong opposition that have marred the implementation of genetically modified organisms in a number of countries across the world these organisms have numerous of advantages to various stakeholders in the agricultural sector (Koch and Bjarte). For instance, the strains that are genetically modified are often resistant to pests and diseases; they depict tolerance to drought and herbicides at the same time they have enhanced nutritional enrichment as compared to the traditional crops. Despite this advantages a number of arguments have been advanced regarding genetically modified organisms ranging from their safety to if elaborate legislation measures have been put in place to regulate their use and distribution (Consumers Food Safety and Environment) This paper will be arguing on the genetically modified organism debate from a farmer’s perspective based in Ghana. Ghana is a third world country based in Africa and thus it is classified among the group of developing countries that face economic and food security problems over time. Farming in third world countries like Ghana is not sophisticated in terms of farm machinery and thus most of the farming is done for substance purposes (Koch and Bjarte). Commercial farming is done on a small scale by organizations which can afford to implement mechanization in the firms in terms of buying the expensive machines that are required to implement large-scale production of crops as well as the farm inputs that are required

ICAS Report Planning Template Essay Example for Free

ICAS Report Planning Template Essay ABC Ltd supplies a complete range of carpets and furniture to the general public. ABC Ltd has over 75 nationwide high street shops in all major UK cities and many large towns. ABC Ltd also has a 24/7 online shop which is on the head office site in Aberdeen. Over the past seven years the company has grown steadily and now has revenue of over  £29 million. It employs around 400 full-time staff. Who are the businesses major stakeholders (internal and external) and why? Major stakeholders of the business could be anyone who has an interest in the business. The business is the sole supplier of a range of furniture. The relationship with this supplier is crucial to the success of the business due to the competitive advantage that it offers ABC. Accounts Department (PIC 1.1, 1.4) How big is the Accounts department? What is the purpose of the accounting function? What type of organisational structure is there? Where does the accounts department get its information from? How does the accounts  department inter-relate with other departments within the business? At ABC Ltd the accounts department consists of the Finance Director, Company Accountant, General Ledger and Inventory Clerk, Accounts Payable Clerk, accounts receivable clerk, costing technician As well as payroll and personnel database clerk. The departments deal with the payments of invoices, comparing them to the  purchase orders and the stock receipts. They also monitor the stock and requirement for purchase orders. The department is also responsible for the credit control function, monitoring customers and the payment of the staff wages. In order to carry out these roles Accounts are forced to interact with the whole of the organisation to gather information. ABC use an account spackage which is fully integrated with the rest of the business software. The use an Enterprise Management System called PRONTO. This software allows for multi user access which can be restricted based on job roles. Non accounts users can see, but not change essential financial data, such as supplier and customer balances. Describe (in relation to the organisation) the 3 main financial statements – Income statement, SOFP and Statement of Cashflow. (PIC   What do they show? Who uses them? What decisions are made based on them? Income Statement SOFP Statement of Cashflow Income statements illustrate ABC Ltd profit or loss over a certain periods of time. The income statement records all revenue, losses and operating expenses for the business. The IS can be used to show profitability of the  company. Income statements are used by stakeholders, company accountants, financial directors and  managing directors. The income statements compared with other income statements within ABC Ltd over a period of time or  companies within the same sector will be able to determine the operating performance of ABC Ltd. Managers and the company accountant may be able to find out what areas of the business are over budget or under budget and make necessary changes. Statements of Financial Position (SOFP) illustrate a snap shot of the business financial condition. The SOFP includes the assets and liabilities of ABC Ltd. This is ia good indicator of the liquidity of the business. This statement will again be used by stakeholders, company accountants, financial directors and managing directors. Managers and the company accountant may be able to quickly get a handle on the financial strength and capabilities of the business, it’s also demonstrates if ABC ’s assets is enough to cover its liabilities, how liquid its assets are if ABC was to declare bankruptcy, if the business is in a position to expand etc. Statements of Cash flow illustrate the amount of cash generated and used by the business in a given period of time. Again this gives an indication of liquidity and working capital management. This statement will again be used by stakeholders, company  accountants, financial directors and managing directors. Managers  and the company accountant may be able to determine whether the business has enough cash to cover payroll and other immediate expenses or liabilities, as well as allow potential lenders to decide whether or not ABC Ltd is able to pay of its liabilities. What accounting regulations cover the preparation of the above financial statements? (PIC 2.1) In the UK, financial statements are governed by UKGAAP (UK Generally Accepted  Accounting Principles). They are also governed by the Companies Act What other accounting regulations and industry specific regulations does the company have to comply with? Does the company have to deal with Money-Laundering regulations? Does the company come under Sarbanes-Oxley? (PIC 2.1) The company also has to comply with the data protection act as they hold customer and staff information. Non compliance with this act can have severe financial and reputational implications. They are also required to comply with any rules set out by HMRC when paying employees and also calculating the tax liability of the business. The company does not have to comply with Sarbanes Oxley as this only affects companies registered with the New York Stock Exchange When the company has to deal with a change to the above regulations how does it organise this? In what way are system users affected by the change How do they get to find out about the change? (PIC 1.5) The Finance manger and HR manager monitor all regulations and alert the business when changes are made that will affect how the business operates. Changes are implemented by ensuring all staff are made aware of the change via internal communication methods. If need be employees are trained to ensure they fully understand the changes taking place.

Project management within organisations

Project management within organisations Executive Summary This report is focussing on the critical evaluation of two major aspect of project management process; stakeholder management and risk management. In depth analysis of tools and techniques of both the aspects has been done. Along with power/interest matrix, communication plan for stakeholder management and risk identification, risk analysis, risk mitigation and control and documentation have been illustrated as different steps of risk management, with appropriate frameworks and diagrams. The importance of these aspects has been reflected with the literature support and examples of both successful and unsuccessful case-studies have been used, from both academic source and personal experience. Introduction Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) defines project as A temporary endeavour or undertaken to create a unique product or service, temporary means that every project has a definite beginning and definite end (Project Management Institute, 1996: cited in Project Management Journal, 2003). In the same context other authors point out that projects are non-routine processes and involve the coordination of interrelated activities (Rad, 2003). PMBOK, 1996 defines project management as The application of knowledge skills, tools and techniques to provide activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project. Projects are now the most popular way to get things done and projects themselves are now often co-ordinate thorough programmes. Maylor, 2005 states that to have a successful project, manager needs to be good at planning and managing projects with sufficient knowledge and experience, especially in the kind projects and about the tools and techniques to project activities. Project management helps companies in attaining targets based on vision and strategy (Thurston, 2009). There are no magical instructions for a successful project however good project planning during the initial phase, can impinge positively on cost, time and quality areas of any project. This report has been written to critically evaluate the two aspects i.e. Stakeholder management and Risk management as an important aspect of overall project management process, with the support of literature and case-studies are provided as an example. Literature Review Stakeholder management Maylor, 2005 states that stakeholder management is 1 of the s out of 7s framework of project management and management related issues were later promoted by Mckinsey Co., Management consultants. Stakeholder management is one of the major aspect of project management and Freeman (1984) describes the concept of stakeholders as any group or individual who can affect, or is affected by, the achievement of a corporations purpose however it has been criticised by Phillips, 2003; Sternberg, 1997; and Mitchell et al., 1997, that if everyone is a stakeholder of everyone else then there is little value-added in the use of the stakeholder concept. The other school of thought identify stakeholders through the potential harms and benefits that they experience or anticipate experiencing as a result of the organizations actions or inactions (Donaldson and Preston, 1995). Figure 1 shows that projects generally have a range of stakeholders with strategic expectations and operational requirements. St akeholders can be either internal or external. Internal stakeholder can be defined as project owners in the sense they have overall managerial responsibility and power usually linked to a financial stake and organisation teams or individuals who have a contractual relationship with the project owner (Chapman, 2008)-ref. needed for example- Top-management, Accountant, other functional managers, project team members whereas external shareholders are who may be positive or negative about a project, who may seek to influence the project through political lobbying, regulation, campaigning or direct action (Ward, 2008)-ref.needed, like clients, competitors, suppliers, consumer. Stakeholders can be internal and external to the project scope or it can be external and internal to the project team, therefore their determination depends on the point of view of the observer. Johnson and Scholes (1999) state that it is not enough simply to identify stakeholders however managers need to assess each stakeholders interest to express its expectations on project decisions and if there is the power to follow it through. Although there are various perspectives of stakeholder theory (e.g., social science stakeholder theory, instrumental stakeholder theory), one common perspective is their perception that they have stake in an entity or task. As a result, they have certain expectations, and consequently, engage in certain types of behaviour, sometimes constructive, explained later in the case study of green-belt project in Genpact and sometimes destructive, explained later in the case-study of new airport terminal at Jersey airport (Bourne Walker, 2006). Because of their perception, stakeholders behave in ways in which they feel, will help them achieve their project objectives, which may be congruent or incongruent with the project managers project mission, vision, and objectives. Frequent conflicts between stakeholders revolve around long term versus short-term objectives, cost efficiency versus jobs, quality versus quantity, and control versus independence (Newcombe, 2003). Therefore, it is incumbent upon the project manager to understand the objectives of each project stakeholder in order to effectively manage his or her needs and desires. According to Jergeas et al. (2000) and Cleland (1986), important key to project success is an efficient management of the relationship between the project and its stakeholders. In order to achieve a successful project outcome, the project manager must be expert at managing the interests of multiple stakeholders throughout the entire project management process (Sutterfield et al, 2006). Jergeas e t al (2000) argued that some stakeholders have power because they control information and resources, while other stakeholders are important because they decide whether the project result is a success or not. Power/interest matrix Firstly, it is important to identify the space between the current and future expectation of the shareholder as well as to study the qualitative relationship they share. Secondly, because of difference goals and interests, stakeholders face difiiculty in reaching to an agreement on deliverables as a result it leads to a conflict between them. Antonioni, 2009 suggests that project manager may tend to avoid or accommodate, instead of engaging in collaborative problem solving to attain winning outcomes. The formation of stakeholders is often triggered off with specific events. Therefore, if faced with different possible future events, it is helpful to speculate on the degree of unity or diversity between the various groups. During strategic analysis, the process of uncovering potential alliances or rifts may be significant when thinking about future strategic choices (Miller Wilson, 1998). Lastly, failure to establish and manage the communication process with stakeholders can lead to a lack of support from stakeholders, disapproval of the deliverables and dissatisfaction working with project manager (Antonioni, 2009) and for this reason communication plan holds importance in project management. Communication Plan Effective communication is very important in any project and every project should include communications management planning. Communication plan is a document which gives guidance to the project team to communicate with the stakeholders, at a right time, and to timely inform them, though it varies according to the needs of the project. Therefore Schwalbe (2006) suggests that Stakeholder communication plan should include Information to be communicated with the format of who will receive the information and who will produce it, Suggested methods or technologies for conveying the information, Frequency of communication, Escalation procedures for resolving issues, Revision procedures for updating the communications management plan. It will help in avoiding wastage of time and money or even from disseminating unnecessary information. Figure 3 is an example of a stakeholder communication analysis: Case-study comparison as successful and unsuccessful: There is an example, Fig. 4, which reveals that how an efficient management can leads to an accomplishment of project-targets. In this project the stakeholders identified as controllers, allocations, treasury department, client and Genpact, wherein the key recognized problems were to reduce the delay in hand-off of un-reconciled items to controllers which are impacting the performance of other related departments, reduced frequency of reconciliation preparation leading to un-processed items, affecting the financials of the company. In lieu to carry on the project, the business goal and challenge has been set-out by keeping in mind the interests and objectives of all stakeholders mentioned above. The improvement actions suggested providing benefit not to one but to all the departments so that the projects outcome could be successful, without having conflicts. Due to effective management of stakeholders vested interests and objectives, the projects outcome was delightful and figure 5 shows customers feedback to the Genpact and to the related stakeholders. On the other hand, the case-study of construction of a new airport terminal building at Jersey Airport illustrates as to what can happen when project managers do not adhere to the fundamental principles of stakeholder management, adapted from article in Financial Times (1996, cited in Maylor, 2005). The main concern is the completion of the project in stipulated time-frame, i.e. in spring to cater to the in-flux of tourist in summer, though the target was achieved however suffered a negative publicity when financial times reminded potential visitors to Jersey that .they can easily go by boat. Customers, external stakeholders, will need to know that their requirements have been considered carefully and sufficient steps have been taken to fulfil them. Complaints by air-traffic controllers (ATC) that they were being dazzled by sunlight reflected on the roof of the new terminal building and CEO replied that at-least this will not happen in winter, another complaint by the ATC, stakeholde r, is that the new building is affecting the accuracy of wind speed indicator and they were advising pilots to use their own judgement regarding the wind-speed and furthermore the new building has obscured the view of parts of the taxiway to the ATCs clearly reflects that How can the mismanagement of the stakeholders interests and objectives can hamper a project. Risk Management- Project risk management, as one of the key disciplines of project management, is defined as the systematic process of identifying, analysing and responding to risk as project-related events, or managerial behaviour, that is not definitely known in advance, but that has potential for adverse consequences on a project objective (Project Management Institute, 2004 cited in Kutsch and Hall, 2009). Ben-David and Raz, 2001 states that regardless of number and definition of stages, project risk management processes have one element in common: an activity that deals with planning actions that will be implemented in order to reduce the exposure to risk. Reiss, 1995 has created an argument by citing examples as a survey of IT management consultancies which showed that only 30% applied any form of risk analysis and yet 90% of projects went over budget and 98% had changed specifications, usually to a lower spec however in December 1992, Computer weekly reveals that as a result of abandoning or r eplacing projects up-to 50 UK companies recently lost as much as $1 billion between them. Risk management includes identification of risks, assessment of risks either qualitatively or quantitatively, choosing an appropriate method for handling it and last but not the least is monitoring and documenting the risks. The requirement of an effective risk management is that a manager needs to be proactive and demonstrates a willingness to develop contingency plans, actively monitor the project and be willing to respond in a quicker manner in an event of risk occurrence. Time and money are essentially required for effective risk management to take place (Kerzner, 2003). Risk Management has 4 stages as Risk Identification Analysis of profitability and consequences Risk mitigation strategies Control and documentation Risk-Identification and techniques- Uncovering weaknesses in methods used in product development through structured approach so that timely mitigation actions are initiated to avoid risk, transfer risk, reduce risk likelihood or reduce risk impact refers by risk management process (Risk Management Standard AS/NZS 4360, 1999). Figure 6 shows the risk management process proposed by the Australian Standard for Risk Management. It is composed of seven iterative sub-processes of establishing the context of risk, identifying risks, analysing risks, evaluating risks, communication and consultation across stakeholders and monitoring and controlling risk events. Study a situation to identify what could go wrong in the product design and development project at any given point of time during the project is risk identification. Identification of risk and potential consequences sources to be done, before they can be acted upon to mitigate (Ahmed at al, 2007). Risk identification helps managers in identifying different types of risk s such as financial, technical, commercial, execution and legal risks and it can be identified with the help of different tools, such as- Checklists- An insignificant method, where crucial points are examined for symptoms of potential risk situation (Ahmed et al, 2007), usually evolve over time through collective experiences and contributions from various functional experts (Ward, 1999) Influence diagrams Before the risk situations eventuate, their effects can be described through visual display (Clemen, 1996). Cause-and-effect diagrams Also known as fish-bone diagram which means the breaking up of the root causes of any problem into detailed sources (Russell and Taylor, 2000). These are easy to use however they do not provide a foundation for further analysis. Failure Mode and Effect analysis (FMEA) and Hazard and Operability study (HAZOP)- In a technical system, FMEA provides a format for determining causes, effects and relationships wherein a scale of 0 to 10 is used to rate the causes (Kumamoto and Henley, 1996). It is calculated by multiplying the severity, occurrence and detection. An extension of FMEA, HAZOP can be applied by considering project parameters such as strategy, budget and schedule to identify risk situations (Ahmed et al, 2007). Fault trees and Event trees- A visual technique used for breaking down failure in the system into source events is performed by fault tree analysis where as graphical representation is of potential consequences arising from a failure where possible consequences are generated and broken down from an initial event (Kumamoto and Henley, 1996). Risk Analysis and techniques- After the identification of risk events, if their further analysis is required then project manager needs to be determined whether the risk event information can be acquired through quantitative or qualitative means. There are two parameters to measure risk- risk probability and risk consequence (Chapman and Ward, 1997). The function of risk analysis is to determine influence of risk factors on the system as a whole. One or more aspects of the project are cumulatively affected by the risk events and if the risk events are bunched together they can be mitigated easily. The bunched risk events can be dealt at the higher level in the long run rather than handling one particular risk event at a time, where the project is likely to be micro-managed. Because the techniques which have been mentioned earlier, applied for project analysis, can also be applied for risk analysis such as- Fault tree analysis, Event tree analysis and Estimation of system reliability and sensitivity analysis and s imulation. Estimation of system reliability It includes the analysis of smooth functioning of a technical system. Hence, cumulative effects on the critical components of the project are determined as the system reliability. Fault tree and Event tree analysis- It analysis the flow of risk from top-level to the low-levels as mentioned earlier. Event tree analysis states The probability of occurrence of a particular outcome is determined as a product of all probabilities of occurrence in the associated branch (Ahmed et al, 2007). Sensitivity analysis and simulation A baseline for the project metrics is generated as a precursor to a what-if analysis and then project conditions are manipulated to determine their effect on the project metrics. This leads to an understanding of the system response to changing project situations. Simulation is used as an extension to the sensitivity analysis (Berny and Townsend, 1993). In simulation, a system model is constructed to reflect actual processes with project parameters and constraints. Then, the values for the risk parameters and constrains are randomly selected in a predefined range (Ahmed et al, 2007). Its a flexible technique which requires a statistical analysis of a problem. Risk Mitigation When risk events eventuate, the risk mitigation actions are initiated and which can be seen as initiation of contingency plans, this process is known as a reactive approach or a feedback approach however a proactive approach or a feed forward approach is the process when any occurring risk event results in initiation of actions such as insurance. A combination of these two approaches is applied to risk management to avoid risk, reduce the likelihood of risk, reduce the impact of risk, transfer risk, or to retain the risk (Kartam, 2001). A project manager should draw a risk mitigation framework, as shown in figure 7, to establish a risk structure that will facilitate the subsequent functions in the risk management process. Case-study comparison as successful and unsuccessful: A project has been carried out at Genpact to carry out a smooth global disbursement process, which is responsible to make payments through electronic wires, within treasury department wherein few risks have been identified by the project manager. Being a mission critical process, because of involvement of payments with figures in millions, considerable attention is required to the pertaining risks as time limit, cost and error free process. The key areas of focus were the correct amount, to the correct banking details, to the correct payee and at the right time. A framework has been prepared, once the risks have been identified and the cost-benefit analysis has been carried out with the estimation of system reliability. Because RPN(risk priority number) of control checks in the FMEA was the maximum therefore all the control checks were aligned to the validation checks stage, as shown in figure-8, like valid requestor and valid approver as per the Genpact approved list, double check o f bank-details by approver with the details appearing in the database as well as request, booking must be reflecting outstanding against the beneficiaries name in the sub-system and payment platform is checked for duplicate payment. Because the due consideration has been given to the risk-management aspect of project management process as a whole, in particular, the project came out with magnificent results and is one of the best six-sigma projects of Genpact (Genpact-Finance overview, 2008). On the contrary, a product of an IT firm, while in the development phase went through the identification phase and came out with 152 possible risk events. Out of which most of the products features are not in accordance to the customer specifications/likings as a matter of fact that the steps in risk management process, like analysis of probability and consequences, quantitative measures, risk mitigation framework and control and documentation has not been followed. This would have been highly productive if the risk management tools and techniques would have been followed. Unfortunately the team left the hotel after brainstorming over the same without achieving it and 80% of their risk events actually occurred, during the next 2 years. As the team has only identified the risks however has not followed the risk management process as a whole as a result it was so disastrous that it almost finished the company (Maylor, 2005). Conclusion There is no magic wand to achieve success however References Ahmed, A., Kayis, B., and Amornsawadwatana, S., 2007, A review of techniques for risk management in projects: An international Journal, 14(1), pp. 22-36. Ben-David, I., and Raz, T., 2001. An integrated approach for risk response development in project planning: Journal of the Operational Research Society, 52, 14-25. Berny, J., and Townsend, P., R., F., 1993, Macrosimulation of project risks a practical way forward: Risk Management, (11)4, pp. 201-208. Bourne, L., and Walker, D.H.T., 2005. Visualising and mapping stakeholder influence: Management Decision, 43(5), pp. 649-660. Clemen, R., T., 1996, Making Hard Decisions: An Introduction to Decision Analysis, New York, Druxbury Press. Henley, E.J. and Kumamoto, H., 1991, Probabilistic Risk Assessment: Reliability Engineering, Design and Analysis, New York, IEEE Press. Jergeas, G., F., Williamson E., Skulmoski G., J., and Janice T., 2000. Stakeholder Management on Construction Projects: AACE International Transaction, pp. P12.1-P12.6 Karlsen, T., J., 2002. Project Stakeholder Management: Engineering Management Journal, 14(4), pp. 20. Kartam, N., A., and Kartam, S., A., 2001. Risk and its management in the Kuwaiti construction industry contractors perspective: International Journal of Project Management, (19) 6, pp. 325-335. Kerzner, H., 2003, Project management, 8th edition, Canada, John Wiley Sons. Kutsch, E., and Hall, M., 2009.Deliberate ignorance in project risk management: International Journal of project management, 28, pp. 245-255. Maylor, H., 2005, Project Management, 3rd edition, Essex, Pearson education Limited. Newcombe, R., 2003, From client to project stakeholders: a stakeholder mapping approach: Construction Management and Economics, 21(8), pp. 841-848. Olander, S., and Landin, A., 2005, Evaluation of stakeholder influence in the implementation of construction projects: International Journal of Project Management, 23(4), 321-328. Olander, S., 2006. Stakeholder impact analysis in construction project management: Construction Management and Economics, 25, pp. 277-287. Rad, F., P., 2003. The Professional research Journal of the Project Management Institute: Project Management Journal, 34(3), pp. 1-7. Schwalbe, K., 2006, Information Technology Project Management, 4th edition, Massachusetts, Thomson course technology. Thurston, L., 2009. Project management vital in todays business environment: Caribbean Business, 37(17), pp 52-52. Ward, S., C., 1999. Assessing and managing important risks: International Journal of Project Management, 17(6), pp. 331-336.

SING SING SING Essay -- Essays Papers

SING SING SING I used to always go over to my grandparent’s house and watch my grandfather go crazy over this â€Å"Jazz† music. He explained to me that it wasn’t Jazz unless it swung like the greats. I listened to a song â€Å"Sing Sing Sing† the other day from one of my Jazz collections that my grandpa gave to me and realized that their was so much energy and pizzazz in this music. He explained to me that it was all put together by a guy named Benny, and I understood why. Benny Goodman, born Benjamin David in 1909, one of twelve children, grew up in a Chicago ghetto with his family, who fled Russian anti-Semitism. Encouraged by his father, an immigrant tailor, to learn a musical instrument, Goodman took up the clarinet at a young age. From the start, he displayed an exceptional talent. Before he was in his teens, he had begun performing in public. He received his first true clarinet and musical training from a local synagogue, then continued practice through Hull House, a social-service agency for the under privileged children of the Chicago. The most important of his teachers, at the school, was Franz Schoeppe, a classical instructor from the Chicago Musical College who ignored jazz and stressed in his students the discipline and respect for classical music. After his father died, fourteen-year-old Benny helped support his family by playing at a Chicago neighborhood dance hall and working locally for two years. In 1925, Gil Rodin, who was then with the band led by Ben Pollack, heard him. Goodman was hired by Pollack, then working in California, and the following year made a triumphal return to Chicago as featured soloist with the band. Goodman remained with Pollack until 1929, when he became a much in-demand session musician in New York. When the band was between jobs, Goodman jammed with members of the Austin High Gang who introduced him to the New Orleans Rhythm Kings and the Dixieland clarinet style of Leon Rappolo. After his 17th birthday Benny made his first recording with Pollack's band with the tune, "He's the Last Word." Benny also played in the bands of leaders such as Red Nichols (from 1929 to 1931), Isham Jones, and Ted Lewis. During the early 30s Goodman played in bands led by Red Nichols, Ted Lewis, Sam Lanin and others. In 1934, Goodman led a dance band that performed regularly on the national radio show "Let'... ...ible, but included among others, Lionel Hampton, Harry James, Georgie Auld, Ziggy Ellman, Charlie Christian, Red Norvo, Fletcher Henderson, Gene Krupa, Teddy Wilson, George Wettling, Pee Wee Irwin, Miff Mole, Roy Eldridge, Stan Getz, and Cootie Williams. "The Benny Goodman Story," a film made in 1955, depicted Benny Goodman's life, and Benny recorded the sound track for it. In the 1950s to the 1970s he made several overseas trips and played at selected engagements with a small band. One such trip was to Russia in 1962. In January 1978 he returned to Carnegie Hall to do a Concert. The tickets all sold out the first day. His last studio recordings were made in January 1986. References Collier, J. Benny Goodman and the Swing Era. New York: West Publishing Company, 1989 Connor, R. and Hicks, W. B. G. on the Record: A Bio-Discography of Benny Goodman. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. 1969 Dance, S. The World of Swing. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. Klauber, B. The World of Gene Krupa. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1991. Schuller, G. The Swing Era. New York: McGraw Hill, 1989. Stewart, R. Jazz Masters of the '30s. New York: W.W. Norton, 1972.

Satan :: personal Narrative Religious Essays

Satan On a winter’s evening in 1967, I drove crosstown in San Francisco to hear Anton Szandor LaVey lecture at an open meeting of the Sexual Freedom League. I was attracted by newspaper articles describing him as â€Å"the Black Pope† of a Satanic church in which baptism, wedding, and funeral ceremonies were dedicated to the Devil. I was a free-lance magazine writer, and I felt there might he a story in LaVey and his contemporary pagans; for the Devil has always made â€Å"good copy,† as they say on the city desk It was not the practice of the black arts itself that I considered to he the story, because that is nothing new in the world. There were Devil-worshiping sects and voodoo cults before there were Christians. In eighteenth-century England a Hell-Fire Club, with connections to the American colonies through Benjamin Franklin, gained some brief notoriety. During the early part of the twentieth century, the press publicized Aleister Crowley as the â€Å"wickedest man in the world.† And there were hints in the 1920s and ‘30s of a â€Å"black order† in Germany. To this seemingly old story LaVey and his organization of contemporary Faustians offered two strikingly new chapters. First, they blasphemously represented themselves as a â€Å"church,† a term previously confined to branches of Christianity, instead of the traditional coven of Satanism and witchcraft lore. Second. they practiced their black magic openly instead of underground. Rather than arrange a preliminary interview with LaVey for discussion of his heretical innovations, my usual first step in research, I decided to watch and listen to him as an unidentified member of an audience. He was described in some newspapers as a former circus and carnival lion tamer and trickster now representing himself as the Devil’s representative on earth, and I wanted to determine first whether he was a true Satanist, a prankster, or a quack. I had already met people in the limelight of the occult business; in fact, Jeane Dixon was my landlady and I had a chance to write about her before Ruth Montgomery did. But I considered all the occultists phonies, hypocrites, or quacks, and I would never spend five minutes writing about their various forms of hocus-pocus. All the occultists I had met or heard of were white-lighters: alleged seers, prophesiers, and witches wrapping their supposedly mystic powers around God-based, spiritual communication. LaVey, seeming to laugh at them if not spit on them in con-tempt, emerged from between the lines of newspaper stories as a black magician basing his work on the dark side of nature and the carnal side of humanity.